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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1616</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2026-25-1-94-102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Lymphoid populations and tumor disseminated cells in the bone marrow in early breast cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лимфоидные популяции и опухолевые диссеминированные клетки в костном мозге при раннем раке молочной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-5019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chulkova</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чулкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-1904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sholokhova</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шолохова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8493-9012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolbatskaya</surname><given-names>Olga P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колбацкая</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2481-0791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladilina</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладилина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-8530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>Angelina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-1166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stilidi</surname><given-names>Ivan S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стилиди</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7631-5699</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabotina</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заботина</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chulkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-28"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-28"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1616">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1616</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>.<bold> </bold>The study of lymphoid populations is a necessary step for understanding the interaction between the tumor and the immune system, as well as for a detailed analysis of the persistence of tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients with breast cancer. Lymphoid populations of the bone marrow can serve as a potential point of application for immunotherapy.</p> <p><bold>Aim</bold>. To study the composition of lymphoid populations and assess the relationship with disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients with operable breast cancer</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study included 65 bone marrow samples obtained by sternal puncture in patients with breast cancer. Ductal adenocarcinoma stage T1 / T2, N0 status prevailed. Luminal A was detected in 51.3 %, luminal B 10.3 %, Erb-B2 overexpressing subtype was established in 15.4 % and triple-negative subtype in 6.4 %. T cells (CD3), B cells (CD19), NK cells (CD56<sup>+</sup>CD3<sup>– </sup>), minor populations of TCRγδ and TCRαβ lymphocytes, CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> T cells, subpopulations of CD10<sup>+</sup>, CD38<sup>+</sup>, CD5<sup>+</sup> B cells were studied. CD45<sup>+</sup>EpCAM<sup>+</sup> cells among myelokaryocytes of a bone marrow sample were assessed. An immunological study of bone marrow using monoclonal antibodies (Becton Diskinson, USA) was performed on a FACS Canto II flow cytometer. The results were analyzed using the Kaluza Analysis v.2.1 program.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>.<bold> </bold>A relationship was established between CD19<sup>+</sup>CD10<sup>+</sup> cells and the morphological type of breast cancer: their increased content was noted in ductal adenocarcinoma (p ≤0.05). There was a relationship between lymphogenous metastasis and the level of CD5<sup>+</sup>CD38<sup>+</sup> cells (p ≤0.05). In high-grade cancer, there was an increase in the proportion of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> cells, estrogen-positive tumors were distinguished by the predominance of NK cells in the bone marrow (p ≤0.05). T-lymphoid populations are associated with the presence of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow. An increase in the proportion of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> with a decrease in the number of CD3<sup>+</sup>HLA-DR<sup>+</sup> and B-cells was noted (p = 0.03).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold>.<bold> </bold>Lymphoid populations of the bone marrow are associated with the morphological characteristics of breast cancer. In metastatic bone marrow lesions, the proportion of T-cell lymphoid populations changes and the number of B-cells decreases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Исследование лимфоидных популяций – необходимый этап для понимания взаимодействия опухоли и иммунной системы, а также для детального анализа персистенции опухолевых клеток в костном мозге больных раком молочной железы (РМЖ). Лимфоидные популяции костного мозга могут служить потенциальной точкой приложения для иммунотерапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучение состава лимфоидных популяций и оценка взаимосвязи с диссеминированными опухолевыми клетками в костном мозге больных операбельным РМЖ.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование включены 65 образцов костного мозга, полученных при стернальной пункции у больных РМЖ. Преобладала протоковая аденокарцинома Т1 / Т2-стадии, N0-статуса. Люминальный тип А выявлен в 51,3 % случаев, люминальный тип В – в 10,3 %; в 15,4 % установлен Erb-B2 – сверхэкспрессирующий подтип и в 6,4 % случаев – трижды-негативный подтип. Изучены Т-клетки (CD3), В-клетки (CD19), NK-клетки (CD56<sup>+</sup>CD3<sup>–</sup>), минорные популяции TCRγδ- и TCRαβ-лимфоцитов, CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>-T-клетки, субпопуляции CD10<sup>+</sup>, CD38<sup>+</sup>, CD5<sup>+</sup>-В-клеток. Выполнена оценка CD45<sup>+</sup>EpCAM<sup>+</sup>-клеток среди миелокариоцитов образца костного мозга. Иммунологическое исследование костного мозга с помощью моноклональных антител (Becton Diskinson, США) проводили на проточном цитофлуориметре FACS Canto II. Результаты анализировали с помощью программы Kaluza Analysis v.2.1.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Установлена связь СD19<sup>+</sup>CD10<sup>+</sup>-клеток с морфологическим типом РМЖ: отмечено их повышенное содержание при протоковой аденокарциноме (<italic>р</italic> ≤0,05). Показана связь лимфогенного метастазирования с уровнем CD5<sup>+</sup>CD38<sup>+</sup>-клеток (<italic>р</italic> ≤0,05). При раке высокой степени злокачественности имелось увеличение пропорции CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>-клеток, эстрогенпозитивные опухоли отличались преобладанием NK-клеток в костном мозге (<italic>р</italic> ≤0,05). Т-лимфоидные популяции связаны с наличием в костном мозге диссеминированных опухолевых клеток. Отмечено увеличение доли CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> при уменьшении количества CD3<sup>+</sup>HLA-DR<sup>+</sup>- и В-клеток (<italic>р</italic> = 0,03).</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Лимфоидные популяции костного мозга имеют связь с морфологическими характеристиками РМЖ. При метастатическом поражении костного мозга изменяется пропорция Т-клеточных лимфоидных популяции и снижается количество В-клеток.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bone marrow</kwd><kwd>lymphoid populations</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>костный мозг</kwd><kwd>лимфоидные популяции</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bray F., Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I. et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68(6):394–424. 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