<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1571</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2025-24-3-63-69</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Anemic syndrome in patients with rectal cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анемический синдром у больных раком прямой кишки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-4988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blindar</surname><given-names>Valentina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блиндарь</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Николаевна Блиндарь</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>bld51@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-1098</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimanov</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климанов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1571">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1571</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> It is known that anemic syndrome (AS) is often detected in cancer patients during disease diagnosis. AS, along with tumor size and disease stage, is considered as an independent prognostic factor affecting survival.</p><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To analyze hematological parameters of peripheral blood and ferrokinetic parameters to clarify the role of hepcidin (GP-25), interleukin 6 (IL-6) in early and differential diagnostics of AS variants in patients with rectal cancer (RC).</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The study was conducted in 32 patients with RC before treatment. Hematological parameters of peripheral blood were studied on a Sysmex XE-2100 analyzer (Japan). Determination of the concentration of ferritin, GP-25, IL-6, erythropoietin was performed in blood plasma using ELISA.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> Almost half (47 %) of the patients with RC had AS in two variants: iron deficiency anemia and functional iron deficiency (FID). All variants were characterized by microcytosis, hypochromia of erythrocytes and reticulocytes, which indicated iron deficiency erythropoiesis. However, in patients with stages III–IV of the disease and with FID, the concentration of ferritin, GP-25, IL-6, the number of erythrocyte fragmentocytes was statistically significantly higher, and the levels of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit were lower than in patients with iron deficiency anemia. This indicated a long-term process of AS formation or anemia of chronic disease with FID. Deviations from the reference value of GP-25 and ferritin levels were detected not only in patients with AS, but also in individual patients without hematological signs of anemia, which did not exclude the latent stage of AS. Erythropoietin deficiency relative to the severity of AS was established in all variants.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The study was small in number, which does not allow us to draw an unambiguous conclusion about the role of GP-25 and IL-6 in the pathogenesis of the AS variant with FJ in patients with RC and requires further study.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Известно, что у онкологических больных при диагностике заболевания часто выявляется анемический синдром (АС). Последний наряду с размером опухоли и стадией заболевания рассматривают как независимый фактор прогноза, влияющий на выживаемость.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– анализ гематологических параметров периферической крови и показателей феррокинетики для уточнения роли гепсидина-25 (ГП-25), интерлейкина 6 (ИЛ-6) в ранней и дифференциальной диагностике вариантов АС у больных раком прямой кишки (РПК).</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследование проведено у 32 больных РПК до лечения. Гематологические параметры периферической крови исследовали на анализаторе Sysmex XE-2100 (Япония). Концентрации ферритина, ГП-25, ИЛ-6, эритропоэтина определяли в плазме крови с помощью иммуноферментного метода.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Почти у 1 / 2 (47 %) больных РПК выявлен АС в 2 вариантах: железодефицитная анемия и функциональный дефицит железа (ФДЖ). Для всех вариантов были характерны микроцитоз, гипохромия эритроцитов и ретикулоцитов, что свидетельствовало о железодефицитном эритропоэзе. Однако у больных с III–IV стадией заболевания и ФДЖ концентрация ферритина, ГП-25, ИЛ-6, количество фрагментоцитов эритроцитов оказалась статистически значимо выше, а уровни эритроцитов, гемоглобина, гематокрита ниже, чем у больных с железодефицитной анемией. Это указывало на длительный процесс формирования АС или анемию хронического заболевания с ФДЖ. Отклонения от референсного значения уровня ГП-25 и ферритина выявлены не только у больных с АС, но и у отдельных больных без гематологических признаков анемии, что не исключало латентной стадии АС. Дефицит эритропоэтина относительно степени тяжести АС установлен во всех вариантах.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Исследование было малочисленным, что не позволяет сделать однозначный вывод о роли ГП-25 и ИЛ-6 в патогенезе варианта АС с ФДЖ у больных РПК и требует дальнейшего изучения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anemic syndrome</kwd><kwd>ferritin</kwd><kwd>hepcidin-25</kwd><kwd>interleukin 6</kwd><kwd>erythropoietin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анемический синдром</kwd><kwd>ферритин</kwd><kwd>гепсидин-25</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин 6</kwd><kwd>эритропоэтин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bray F., Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I. et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68(6):394–424. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21492</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Ferlay J., Ervik M., Lam F. et al. Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (2018). URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/today.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ЗMalignant neoplasms in Russia in 2020 (morbidity and mortality). Eds.: А.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinskiy, A.O. Shachzadova. Moscow: MNIOI im. P.A. Gertsena – filial FGBU “NMITS radiologii” Minzdrava Rossii, 2021. 252 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2020 году (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2021. 252 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Natalucci V., Virgili E., Calcagnoli F. et al. Cancer related anemia: an integrated multitarget approach and lifestyle interventions. Nutrients 2021;13(2):482. DOI: 10.3390/nu13020482</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Natalucci V., Virgili E., Calcagnoli F. et al. Cancer related anemia: an integrated multitarget approach and lifestyle interventions. Nutrients 2021;13(2):482. DOI: 10.3390/nu13020482</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Gvirtzman R., Livovsky D.M., Tahover E. et al. Anemia can predict the prognosis of colorectal cancer in the pre-operative stage: a retrospective analysis. World J Surg Onc 2021;19(1):341. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02452-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Yamada T., Endo H., Hasegawa H. et al. Presurgical mild anemia is a risk factor for severe postoperative complications in rectal cancer surgery: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Japan. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2024;8(3):471–80. DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12770</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Deng Yu., Weng M., Zhang J. Preoperative anemia and long-term survival in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study. World J Surg Onc 2023;21(1):122. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03005-w</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Aapro M., Beguin Y., Bokemeyer C. et al. Management of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol 2018;29(Suppl. 4): iv96–110. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx758</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Nemeth E., Ganz T. Hepcidin-ferroportin interaction controls systemic iron homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22(12):6493. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126493</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J., Liu W., Li J.C. et al. Hepcidin downregulation correlates with disease aggressiveness and immune infiltration in liver cancer. Front Oncol 2021;11:714756. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.714756</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Liu W., Li J.C. et al. Hepcidin downregulation correlates with disease aggressiveness and immune infiltration in liver cancer. Front Oncol 2021;11:714756. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.714756</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Di Grazia A., Di Fusco D., Franze E. et al. Hepcidin upregulation in colorectal cancer is associated with the accumulation of regulatory macrophages and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and correlates with disease progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14(21):5294. DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215294</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sasu B.J., Cooke K.S., Arvedson T.L. et al. Antihepcidin antibody treatment modulates iron metabolism and is effective in a mouse model of inflammation-induced anemia. Blood 2010;115(17):3616–24. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-09-245977</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sasu B.J., Cooke K.S., Arvedson T.L. et al. Antihepcidin antibody treatment modulates iron metabolism and is effective in a mouse model of inflammation-induced anemia. Blood 2010;115(17):3616–24. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-09-245977</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eskandari F., Dürr M., Buddy K. et al. Clazakizumab in late antibody-mediated rejection: study protocol of a randomized controlled pilot trial. Trials 2019;20(1):37. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-3158-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eskandari F., Dürr M., Buddy K. et al. Clazakizumab in late antibody-mediated rejection: study protocol of a randomized controlled pilot trial. Trials 2019;20(1):37. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-3158-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bohlius J., Bohlke K., Castelli R. et al. Management of cancerassociated anemia with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: ASCO/ ASH clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol 2019;37(15):1336–51. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.18.02142</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bohlius J., Bohlke K., Castelli R. et al. Management of cancerassociated anemia with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: ASCO/ ASH clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol 2019;37(15):1336–51. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.18.02142</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blindar` V.N., Zubrixina G.N., Klimanov I.A. Endogenous erythropoietin in peripheral blood in patients with colorectal cancer with anemic syndrome. Klinicheskaya laboratornaya diagnostika = Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 2024;69(3):148–52. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2024-69-3-148-152</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блиндарь В.Н., Зубрихина Г.Н., Климанов И.А. Эндогенный эритропоэтин в периферической крови у больных колоректальным раком с анемическим синдромом. Клиническая лабораторная диагностика 2024;69(3):148–52. DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2024-69-3-148-152</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
