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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1564</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2025-24-4-77-84</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Experience in the development of immersible osteoarthritis devices with shape memory and antibacterial activity based on a polylactide/hydroxyapatite</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опыт разработки погружных изделий для остеореконструкции с эффектом памяти формы и антибактериальной активностью на основе полилактида/гидроксиапатита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-3780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedinskaya</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебединская</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-173X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-3932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lvov</surname><given-names>Vladislav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Львов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-3755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheremnykh</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черемных</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4344-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachalina</surname><given-names>Polina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качалина</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7631-3116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirina</surname><given-names>Tatjana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирина</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5781-7925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babaeva</surname><given-names>Gulalek</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаева</surname><given-names>Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8323-8213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashintseva</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашинцева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1323-6206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabanovskaia</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабановская</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4370-6578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimova</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician E.A. Wagner Perm State Medical University, Ministry of Health Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Институт органической химии им. Н.Д. Зелинского» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-27"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Lebedinskaya O.V., Kovaleva P.A., Lvov V.A., Cheremnykh A.I., Kachalina P.M., Spirina T.S., Babaeva G., Pashintseva N.V., Kabanovskaia I.N., Anisimova N.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Лебединская О.В., Ковалева П.А., Львов В.А., Черемных А.И., Качалина П.М., Спирина Т.С., Бабаева Г., Пашинцева Н.В., Кабановская И.Н., Анисимова Н.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedinskaya O.V., Kovaleva P.A., Lvov V.A., Cheremnykh A.I., Kachalina P.M., Spirina T.S., Babaeva G., Pashintseva N.V., Kabanovskaia I.N., Anisimova N.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебединская О.В., Ковалева П.А., Львов В.А., Черемных А.И., Качалина П.М., Спирина Т.С., Бабаева Г., Пашинцева Н.В., Кабановская И.Н., Анисимова Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1564">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1564</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Based on the results of evaluating the mechanical and strength characteristics and studying various aspects of biological activity, a composite material based on polylactide and hydroxyapatite (PLA/HA) is considered a promising component of shape-memory implants for osteoreconstructive surgeries.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To evaluate the response of laboratory animals to the implantation of PLA/HA-based implant samples, as well as the potential for their use as a platform for the local administration of antibacterial agents.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> Experimental samples were manufactured in the form of surgical staples from a PLA/HA composite material containing 15 % mass fraction of impurities by weight of hydroxyapatite in the form of 90 nm needle-shaped nanoparticles. To study biocompatibility and biodegradation <italic>in vivo</italic>, the staples were implanted subcutaneously in mice. After 50 days, the samples were removed, their weight changes were assessed, and histological tissue sections in the area of contact with the implants were examined. To explore the potential of using PLA/HA as a platform for local delivery of an antibacterial drug, 35 μg of an amoxicillin/clavulanic acid mixture was applied to the surface of the samples, followed by washing. The loaded samples were then placed on Mueller–Hinton agar seeded with <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> and <italic>Staphylococcus aureus.</italic> After 20 hours of incubation, the presence of zones of inhibition of colony formation around the samples and disks was assessed.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The shape memory effect was achieved by heating the samples, resulting in the closure of the initially open fixation clips. Although no significant change in sample weight was observed during their residence in the animals, histological examination of the surrounding tissue revealed signs of their initial biodegradation <italic>in vivo</italic>. No massive infiltration of tissue in the contact area by inflammatory cells, characteristic of an acute inflammatory response, was detected. However, isolated foreign body giant cells and isolated macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils were observed in some samples. Microbiological studies demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the growth of <italic>E. coli</italic> and <italic>S. aureus</italic> colonies around the samples.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The obtained results demonstrated the biocompatibility of PLA/HA with a hydroxyapatite content of 15 % mass fraction of impurities by weight, as its implantation did not induce an acute inflammatory reaction or rejection in experimental animals. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that products made from this material can be used as a platform for the local delivery of antibacterial agents.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> На основании результатов оценки механических и прочностных характеристик и изучения различных аспектов биологической активности композиционный материал на основе полилактида и гидроксиапатита (ПЛА/ГА) рассматривается как перспективный компонент имплантатов с эффектом памяти формы для остеореконструктивных операций.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценка характера реакции организма лабораторных животных на имплантацию образцов изделий на основе ПЛА/ГА, а также перспективы их использования в качестве платформы для локального введения антибактериальных средств.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Экспериментальные образцы были изготовлены в виде хирургических скоб из композиционного материала ПЛА/ГА с содержанием гидроксиапатита 15 % массовой доли примесей в виде игольчатых наночастиц 90 нм. Для изучения биосовместимости и биодеградации <italic>in vivo</italic> скобы имплантировали мышам подкожно. Через 50 дней образцы извлекали, оценивали изменение их массы и изучали гистологические срезы тканей в области контакта с имплантатами. Для изучения перспектив использования ПЛА/ГА в качестве платформы для локальной доставки антибактериального препарата на поверхность образцов наносили 35 мкг смеси амоксициллина/клавулановой кислоты с последующей промывкой. Нагруженные образцы помещали на поверхность агара Мюллера–Хинтон, засеянного <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> и <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic>. Через 20 ч инкубации оценивали наличие зон ингибирования колониеобразования вокруг образцов и дисков.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Реализацию эффекта памяти формы осуществляли нагреванием образцов, вследствие чего наблюдали смыкание исходно незамкнутых скоб для фиксации. Несмотря на то что не удалось установить достоверного изменения массы образцов за время их нахождения в теле животных, гистологическое исследование окружающих тканей выявило признаки их начальной биодеградации <italic>in vivo</italic>. Не было обнаружено массовой инфильтрации тканей контактной области клетками воспаления, характерными для острой воспалительной реакции. Однако в некоторых образцах наблюдались единичные гигантские клетки инородных тел и одиночные макрофаги, лимфоциты и нейтрофилы. Микробиологические исследования показали эффект торможения роста колоний <italic>E. coli</italic> и <italic>S. aureus</italic> вокруг образцов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Полученные результаты доказали биосовместимость ПЛА/ГА с содержанием ГА 15 % массовой доли примесей, поскольку его имплантация не индуцировала развития острой реакции воспаления или отторжения у экспериментальных животных. Кроме того, было показано, что изделия из этого материала могут быть использованы в качестве платформы для локальной доставки антибактериальных средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polylactide</kwd><kwd>hydroxyapatite</kwd><kwd>shape memory effect</kwd><kwd>implant</kwd><kwd>biocompatibility</kwd><kwd>antibacterial activity</kwd><kwd>osteoplasty</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полилактид</kwd><kwd>гидроксиапатит</kwd><kwd>эффект памяти формы</kwd><kwd>имплантат</kwd><kwd>биосовместимость</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная активность</kwd><kwd>остеопластика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>24-23-00442</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">РНФ</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Wei Zh., Long Ch., Yu Zh. 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