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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1369</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2023-22-1-10-18</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">GAGE gene and protein expression profile in cancer patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Профиль экспрессии гена и белка GAGE у больных онкологическими заболеваниями</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-7689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudakova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудакова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Andreevna Rudakova</p><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Андреевна Рудакова </p><p>Россия, 115552 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>rudakovaan93@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3244-7774</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115552 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8630-1968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubtsova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубцова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115552 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0318-3896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinyugina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинюгина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115552 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0762-5631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Misyurin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мисюрин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115552 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1369">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1369</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are antigens expressed by tumor cells of various histological types, but practically absent in cells of normal tissues, with the exception of germ cells. CTA includes more than 100 proteins, most of which are grouped into large families. Currently, the use of CTA for immunotherapy in the treatment of oncological diseases has been tested in many studies, and an increase in survival time has been achieved for many cases. Therefore, they can be promising targets for the creation of antitumor drugs, targeted therapy of tumors and as diagnostic biomarkers.</p><p>The purpose of this review was to study the GAGE family of antigens, one of the CTA groups recognized by T cells. Proteins of this family, expressed in tumor cells, stimulate the development of a humoral and cellular immune response against them. It follows from this that they fully meet the requirements for targets for tumor immunotherapy. The review provides information about the structure and sequence of genes encoding proteins of the GAGE family. The question of the role of GAGE in apoptosis is considered in detail and the results of studies proving that GAGE-7C makes cells resistant to apoptosis mediated by interferon γ or Fas are presented. The results of clinical studies of the expression of GAGE group genes and proteins in various types of tumor diseases are considered and examples of the reported correlation between GAGE expression and poor prognosis in some types of cancer are given.</p><p>Thus, the proteins of the GAGE group, with a detailed study, can become a possible diagnostic and prognostic marker of cancer diseases, and in the future be used to assess malignancy and monitor tumors for the selection of treatment tactics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Раково-тестикулярные антигены (РТА) – антигены, экспрессируемые клетками опухолей различных гистологических типов, но практически отсутствующие в клетках нормальных тканей, за исключением половых клеток. К РТА относят более 100 белков, большинство из которых объединены в большие семейства. В настоящее время использование РТА в целях иммунотерапии при лечении онкологических заболеваний было протестировано во многих исследованиях, и для многих случаев достигнуто увеличение времени выживаемости. Поэтому они могут являться перспективными мишенями для создания противоопухолевых препаратов, таргетной терапии опухолей и в качестве диагностических биомаркеров.Целью настоящего обзора стало изучение семейства антигенов GAGE – одной из групп РTA, распознающихся T-клетками. Белки этого семейства, экспрессируясь в клетках опухоли, стимулируют развитие гуморального и клеточного иммунного ответа против них. Из этого следует, что они вполне соответствуют требованиям, предъявляемым к мишеням для иммунотерапии опухолей.В обзоре представлены сведения о структуре и последовательности генов, кодирующих белки семейства GAGE. Подробно рассмотрены вопросы о роли GAGE в апоптозе и приведены результаты исследований, доказывающие, что GAGE-7C делает клетки устойчивыми к апоптозу, опосредованному интерфероном γ или Fas. Рассмотрены результаты клинических исследований экспрессии генов и белков группы GAGE при различных видах опухолевых заболеваний и приведены примеры выявленной корреляции между экспрессией GAGE и плохим прогнозом при некоторых видах рака.Таким образом, белки группы GAGE при детальном исследовании могут стать возможным диагностическим и прогностическим маркером раковых заболеваний и в дальнейшем использоваться для оценки злокачественности и мониторинга опухолей для подбора тактики лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GAGE</kwd><kwd>cancer-testis antigens</kwd><kwd>gene and protein expression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>GAGE</kwd><kwd>раково-тестикулярные антигены</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов и белков</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Stevenson B.J., Iseli C., Panji S. et al. Rapid evolution of cancer/testis genes on the X chromosome. 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