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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1353</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2022-21-4-10-21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Technological aspects of creating neopeptide vaccines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Технологические аспекты создания неопептидных вакцин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-5692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Вячеславовна Дмитриева </p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>dmitrieva.m@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-8423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baryshnikovа</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барышникова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-0083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8462-2178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosorukov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косоруков</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1353">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1353</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Personalized neoantigen vaccines are a group of individually designed cancer vaccines that enhance patients’ own antigen-specific immune responses. These include vaccines based on dendritic cells, DNA, mRNA and synthetic peptides. An analysis of 98 clinical trials of neoantigenic vaccines from the ClinicalTrials.gov database found that peptide vaccines are one of the most popular cancer vaccines, accounting for about 50 % of clinical trials. They usually consist of a mixture of long or short peptides, dissolved depending on their properties in an appropriate solvent, and an adjuvant that stabilizes and increases their effectiveness. The most used immunoadjuvants in the formulation of neopeptide vaccines are Toll-like receptor agonists (poly-ICLC) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The development of neoantigenic vaccines presents a number of distinctive challenges compared to other types of vaccines. The process should cover and validate the various steps in the development, production and administration processes in order to maximize the efficacy and safety of vaccines. In the technology for the production of peptide vaccines, 3 main stages can be distinguished: 1) screening and identification of neoepitopes using the approaches of computer prediction, co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry and cytotoxic experiments; 2) synthesis of peptides by methods of standard solid-phase synthetic peptide chemistry; 3) actually obtaining a vaccine preparation suitable for storage, transportation and administration to the patient. Taking into account the specificity of the drug, the manufacturing process must be carried out strictly according to the Good Manufacturing Practice standard with mandatory quality control of intermediate and finished products</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Персонализированные неоантигенные вакцины представляют собой группу индивидуально разработанных противоопухолевых вакцин, которые усиливают собственные антигенспецифические иммунные ответы пациентов. К ним относятся вакцины на основе дендритных клеток, ДНК, мРНК и синтетических пептидов. В результате анализа 98 клинических исследований неоантигенных вакцин из базы данных СlinicalTrials.gov установлено, что пептидные вакцины являются одними из самых исследуемых противораковых вакцин – на них приходится около 50 % клинических испытаний. Они состоят, как правило, из смеси длинных или коротких пептидов, растворенных в зависимости от их свойств в соответствующем растворителе, и адъюванта, который стабилизирует и повышает их эффективность. Наиболее применяемыми иммуноадъювантами при составлении композиции неопептидной вакцины являются агонисты toll-подобных рецепторов (poly-ICLC) и гранулоцитарно-макрофагальный колониестимулирующий фактор. Создание неоантигенных вакцин, в отличие от других типов вакцин, сопряжено с рядом проблем. Процесс должен охватывать и подтверждать различные этапы, связанные с разработкой, производством и введением вакцин, чтобы максимизировать их эффективность и безопасность. В технологии производства пептидных вакцин можно выделить 3 основных этапа: 1) скрининг и идентификация неоэпитопов с использованием подходов компьютерного прогнозирования, коиммунопреципитации, масс-спектрометрии и цитотоксических экспериментов; 2) синтез пептидов методами стандартной твердофазной синтетической пептидной химии; 3) собственно получение вакцинного препарата, пригодного для хранения, транспортировки и введения пациенту. С учетом специфичности препарата производственный процесс должен осуществляться строго в соответствии со стандартами Надлежащей производственной практики (Good Manufacturing Practice) с обязательным контролем качества промежуточных и готовых продуктов</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neopeptides</kwd><kwd>personalized vaccine</kwd><kwd>technology</kwd><kwd>adjuvant</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неопептиды</kwd><kwd>персонализированная вакцина</kwd><kwd>технология</kwd><kwd>адъювант</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Health of Russia in the framework of the research No. ААА- А-А20-120022090056-5.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Минздрава России в рамках исследования № АААА-А20-120022090056-5.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1.	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