<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1296</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2022-21-1-33-41</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Peculiarities of iron metabolism in patients with breast cancer before adjuvant chemotherapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности метаболизма железа у больных раком молочной железы до адъювантной химиотерапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-4988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blindar</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блиндарь</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Николаевна Блиндарь</p><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>bld51@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-9755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubrikhina</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубрихина</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5769-3114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8889-5384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrovolskaya</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добровольская</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3744-6802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khagazheeva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хагажеева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0170-5681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Snegovoy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снеговой</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2670-2361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabchikov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябчиков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0430-2754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-4127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushlinsky</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушлинский</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7142-2986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononenko</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононенко</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-04-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-13"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-04-13"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1296">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1296</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Numerous studies using multivariate analysis have confirmed the relationship between low hemoglobin and / or hypoxia of tumor tissue with a worsening prognosis.</p><p>The study objective was to assess the state of iron metabolism in breast cancer patients in the perioperative period, before conducting adjuvant chemotherapy for adequate administration of iron and recombinant erythropoietins preparations.</p><p>Materials and methods. The object of the study included 17 breast cancer patients with a relatively favorable prognosis, with luminal types A and B (Her 2 / neu positive or negative), three times negative type. The examination was carried out in the postoperative period, before the first course of adjuvant chemotherapy. The main metabolites of ferrokinetics were studied: hepcidin 25 (GP25), ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors, transferin, iron, erythropoietin, C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 indicators.</p><p>Results. In patients with breast cancer, even before adjuvant chemotherapy, a violation of iron metabolism was revealed. Anemic syndrome (AS) with iron deficiency erythroproiesis was diagnosed in 29.4 % of them. In most of them, AS was accompanied by a deficiency of endogenous erythropoietin. Iron deficiency anemia was more common; functional iron deficiency (FID) was found in some patients. In contrast to patients with iron deficiency anemia, patients with FID had a significant concentrations of GP25, C-reactive protein, and interleukin 6 and ferritin were within the upper limit of normal. It should be noted that GP25 hyperexression was observed not only in breast cancer patients with FID, but also in patients without laboratory signs of anemia, which did not exclude the latent stage of AS.</p><p>Conclusion. To achieve the effectiveness of the treatment of AS, a comprehensive and personalized approach is required. Iron preparations are prescribed to restore iron metabolism; recombinant erythropoietins preparations are used to increase the rate of erythrocyte formation during chemotherapy. The same treatment regimen is justified for the correction of AS with FID. However, the strategy for future treatment of FID is associated with the use of GP25 antagonists (in order to overcome the retention of iron in the reticuloendothelial system), hormones or cytokines that can effectively stimulate erythropoiesis in AS with impaired iron metabolism.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>В многочисленных исследованиях с помощью многофакторного анализа подтверждена связь низких показателей гемоглобина и/или гипоксии опухолевой ткани с ухудшением прогноза.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– оценить состояние метаболизма железа у больных раком молочной железы (РМЖ) в периоперационном периоде перед проведением адъювантной химиотерапии для адекватного назначения препаратов железа и рекомбинантных эритропоэтинов.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование были включены 17 больных РМЖ с относительно благоприятным прогнозом, с люминальным типом А и В (Her2/neu положительный или отрицательный), трижды негативным типом. Обследование проведено в послеоперационном периоде перед 1-м курсом адъювантной химиотерапии. Изучали основные метаболиты феррокинетики: гепсидин 25 (ГП25), ферритин, растворимые рецепторы трансферрина, трансферрин, железо, эритропоэтин, показатели С-реактивного белка и интерлейкина 6.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У больных РМЖ еще до проведения адъювантной химиотерапии выявили нарушение метаболизма железа. У 5 (29,4 %) пациенток диагностирован анемический синдром (АС) с железодефицитным эритропоэзом. У большинства из них АС сопровождался дефицитом эндогенного эритропоэтина. Чаще встречалась железодефицитная анемия, у отдельных пациенток установили функциональный дефицит железа (ФДЖ). В отличие от пациенток с железодефицитной анемией, у пациенток с ФДЖ отмечались значительные концентрации ГП25, С-реактивного белка, а показатели интерлейкина 6 и ферритина были в пределах верхней границы нормы. Следует отметить, что гиперэкспрессия ГП25 отмечалась не только у больных РМЖ с ФДЖ, но и у больных без лабораторных признаков анемии, что не исключало латентной стадии АС.</p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Для достижения эффективности лечения АС необходим комплексный и персонализированный подход. Для восстановления метаболизма железа назначают препараты железа, для усиления скорости образования эритроцитов в процессе химиотерапии применяют рекомбинантные эритропоэтины. Такая же схема лечения оправдана и для коррекции АС с ФДЖ. Однако стратегию будущего лечения ФДЖ связывают с применением антагонистов ГП25 с целью преодоления задержки железа в ретикулоэндотелиальной системе, а также гормонов или цитокинов, способных эффективно стимулировать эритропоэз при АС с нарушением метаболизма железа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iron metabolism</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>hepcidin 25</kwd><kwd>interleukin 6</kwd><kwd>C-reactive protein</kwd><kwd>ferritin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболизм железа</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>гепcидин 25</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин 6</kwd><kwd>С-реактивный белок</kwd><kwd>ферритин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Madeddu C., Neri M., Sanna E. et al. Experimental Drugs for Chemotherapyand Cancer-Related Anemia. J Exp Pharmacol 2021;13:593–611. DOI: 0.2147/JEP.S262349.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Pinnix Z.K., Miller L.D., Wang W. et al. Ferroportin and iron regulation in breast cancer progression and prognosis. Sci Transl Med 2010;2(43):43ra56. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001127.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Aapro M., Beguin Y., Bokemeyer C. et al. Management of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol 2018;29(4):96–110. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx758.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Pourali L., Taghizadeh A., Akhoundi M.R. et al. Frequency of Chemotherapy Induced Anemia in Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Cancer Manag 2017;10(1):e4672. DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-4672.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Anker S.D., Comin Collet J., Filippatos G. et al. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. N Engl J Med 2009; 361(25):2436–48. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0908355.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorozhanskaya E.G., Zubrikhina G.N., Sviridova S.P. Free radical oxidation and the main mechanisms of antioxidant protection in normal and malignant pathology. Training manual for doctors. Moscow: GOU МG FSO, 2010. 45 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горожанская Э.Г., Зубрихина Г.Н., Свиридова С.П. Свободнорадикальное окисление и основные механизмы антиоксидантной защиты в норме и при злокачественной патологии. Учебное пособие для врачей. М.: ГОУ МГ ФСО, 2010. 45 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Pigeon C., Iigin G., Courselaud B. et al. A new mouse liver-specific gene, encording a protein homologous to human antibacterial peptide hepcidin, is overexpressed during iron overload. J Biol Chem 2001;276(11):7811–9. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M008923200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Nemeth E., Ganz T. Anemia of inflammation. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2014;28(4):671–81. DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.04.005.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Lu Y., Cheng X., Li R. et al. The Expression and Clinical Significance of Ferroportin and Hepcidin in Breast Cancer Patients. J Kuwait Med Assoc 2016;48(4):323–7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Ciniselli C.M., De Bortoli М., Taverna E. et al. Plasma hepcidin in early-stage breast cancer patients: no relationship with interleukin-6, erythropoietin and erythroferrone. Expert Rev Proteomics 2015;12(6):695–701. DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2015.1099436.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Tesfay L., Clausen K.A., Kim J.W. et al. Hepcidin regulation in prostate and its disruption in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2015;75(11):2254–63. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-2465.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 2013;310(20):2191–4. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.281053.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Durigovaa A., Lamy P.J., Thezenas S. et al. Anemia and iron biomarkers in patients with early breast cancer. Diagnostic value of hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor quantification. Clin Chem Lab Med 2013;51(9):1833–41. DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2013-0031.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Chung A., Leo K., Wong G. et al. Giant hepatocellular adenoma presenting with chronic iron deficiency anemia. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101(9):2160–2. DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00607.x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">БBlindar V.N., Zubrikhina G.N., Matveeva I.I. A new concept for diagnosing anemia with impaired iron metabolism. Vestnik RONTS im. N.N. Blokhina = Journal of N.N. Blokhin Russian Oncology Center 2015;26(4–1):77–85. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блиндарь В.Н., Зубрихина Г.Н., Матвеева И.И. Новая концепция диагностики анемии с нарушением метаболизма железа. Вестник РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина 2015;26(4–1):77–85</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Ashby D.R., Gale D.P., Busbridge M. et al. Erythropoietin administration in humans causes a marked and prolonged reduction in circulating hepcidin. Haematologica 2010;95(3):505–8. DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2009.013136.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rukavicin O.A. Topical issues of diagnosis and treatment of anemia in chronic diseases. Onkogematologiya = Oncohematology 2012;5(4):296–304. (In Russ.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рукавицин О.А. Актуальные вопросы диагностики и лечения анемии при хронических заболеваниях. Онкогематология 2012;5(4):296–304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Haase V.H. Hypoxic regulation of erythropoiesis and iron metabolism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010;299(1):1–13.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Henke M., Mattern D., Pepe M. et al. Do erythropoietin receptors on cancer cells explain unexpected clinical findings? Clin Oncol 2006;24(29):4708–13.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Drüeke T.B., Massy Z.A. Erythropoiesis- Stimulating Agents and Mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019;30(6):907–8. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2019030266.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Miao S., Wang S.M., Cheng X. et al. Erythropoietin promoted the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma through hypoxia induced translocation of its specific receptor. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:119. DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0494-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Brugnara C., Schiller B., Moran J. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) and assessment of irondeficient states. Clin Lab Hematol 2006;28(5):303–8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.2006.00812.x.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
