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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1263</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2021-20-3-17-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">ADHESION CONCEPT IN CANCER BIOLOGY: LOCAL AND CENTRAL MECHANISMS (PART 1)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>АДГЕЗИОННАЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЯ В БИОЛОГИИ РАКА: МЕСТНЫЕ И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ (ЧАСТЬ 1)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6365-2888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bocharova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочарова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email>imufarm@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-9527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-9881</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bocharov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочаров</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-1472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-3581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucheryanu</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучеряну</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8 Baltiyskaya St., Moscow 125315</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125315 Москва, ул. Балтийская, 8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of general pathology and pathophysiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-10-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-10-07"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-10-07"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1263">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1263</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review presents the concept the key mechanism of the tumor process is a violation of adhesion interactions involving local and central mechanisms. Local features of adhesive dysregulation are demonstrated in the first part. The lack of histospecific adhesion molecules expression resulting from stress or genetic mutation damages an important mechanism of antitumor protection of the tissue disrupting the processes of proliferation and differentiation. The deficiency of histone-specific homotypic adhesion molecules which occurs later exacerbates the disorders. This leads to a decrease in the expression of leukocyte integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1) ligands of the β2 family on the surface of immune effectors and to an increase also in the expression of adhesion molecules to the substrate-antigens VLA (very late activation) family of β1 -integrins on tumor cells. The first restricts the interaction of ICAM family molecules with their contra-receptors from the β2 -integrin family reducing the elimination of target cells by immune effectors which contributes to the screening of the tumor from antitumor surveillance. The second promotes the invasion of the tumor into the surrounding tissues, the formation of blood vessels as well as its heterotypic adhesion with other tissues which further stimulates the proliferation and suppression processes of tumor cells apoptosis. So, the adhesion molecules can be compared to the Phoenix bird: disappearing at the beginning of the process (between the similar cells), they reappear in a new quality (increasing adhesion to cells of other tissues), increasing the totalysm of the tumor. It should be taken into account that tumor cells due to adhesion dysregulation “isolate themselves from society”, lose their differentiation, their maturity and “fall into childhood”, being unable to perform specific, “adult” functions. So, cancer can be considered as a manifestation of the cells aging. Therefore, the anti-stress, endogenous geroprotective mechanisms activation based on the adhesion correction can be effective for preventing and treatment the oncological process. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель обзора  – представление концепции о  том, что ключевым механизмом опухолевого процесса является нарушение адгезионных взаимодействий с участием местных и центральных механизмов. В первой его части рассматриваются местные особенности адгезионной дизрегуляции. Недостаточность экспрессии гистоспецифических молекул адгезии, возникающая в результате стрессорного воздействия или генетической мутации, вызывает повреждение важного механизма противоопухолевой защиты ткани, нарушая процессы пролиферации и дифференцировки. Дефицит гистонеспецифических молекул гомотипической адгезии, возникающий намного позже, усугубляет нарушения. Это приводит, во-первых, к снижению экспрессии лигандов семейства β2 -лейкоцитарных интегринов (LFA-1, Mac-1) на поверхности эффекторов иммунитета, а во-вторых – к усилению на опухолевых клетках экспрессии молекул адгезии к субстрату – антигенов поздней активации VLA (very late activation) семейства β1 -интегринов. Первое ограничивает взаимодействие молекул семейства ICAM с их контррецепторами из семейства β2 -интегринов, снижая элиминацию клеток-мишеней эффекторами иммунитета, что вносит вклад в  экранирование опухоли от  противоопухолевого надзора. Второе способствует инвазии опухоли в окружающие ткани, формированию сосудов, а также ее гетеротипической адгезии с другими тканями, что еще больше стимулирует процессы пролиферации и подавление апоптоза клеток опухоли. Так, молекулы адгезии можно сравнить с птицей Феникс: исчезая в начале процесса (между «родными» клетками), они в новом качестве возникают вновь (усиливая адгезию к чужим клеткам), наращивая тоталитаризм опухоли. Следует учесть, что клетки опухоли из-за адгезионной дизрегуляции «изолируются от общества», теряют свою дифференцировку, утрачивая свою зрелость и «впадая в детство», будучи не в состоянии осуществлять специфические, «взрослые» функции. Поэтому онкозаболевание можно рассматривать как проявление старения отдельных клеток.</p><p>Активизация антистрессорных, эндогенных геропротекторных механизмов, в основе которой лежит коррекция адгезионных механизмов, может быть эффективна для предупреждения и сдерживания онкологического процесса. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cell adhesion</kwd><kwd>tumor</kwd><kwd>carcinogenesis</kwd><kwd>integrins</kwd><kwd>metastasis</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>chronic stress</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>dopamine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клеточная адгезия</kwd><kwd>опухоль</kwd><kwd>канцерогенез</kwd><kwd>интегрины</kwd><kwd>метастазирование</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>хронический стресс</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>дофамин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность академику P.M. Хаитову и профессору В.М. 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