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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Biotherapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский биотерапевтический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9784</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1726-9792</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9784-2021-20-1-8-15</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE PROSPECT OF USING ONCOGENES’ INHA, DLL4 AND MMP2 ROLE IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПЕРСПЕКТИВА СПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ОНКОГЕНОВ INHA, MMP2 и DLL4 В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-9551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karlina</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карлина</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Елена Сергеевна Горожанина </p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><email>308gorod@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9529-7606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorozhanina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горожанина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Sergeevna Gorozhanina </p><p>Build 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-0363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulasov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уласов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Build 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-07"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-07"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1240">https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1240</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A large role in the development of malignant tumors is played by a genetic predisposition. Risk factors for cancer include the presence of mutations in oncogenes‑genes that cause the development of tumors. They were first found in the genome of viruses, and their analogs, called proto‑oncogenes, were found in humans. The study of the work of oncogenes is a promising direction in the development of new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases. The discovery and research of oncogenes of all classes are necessary not only to understand the mechanisms of neoplasm development but also to develop new methods of cancer treatment. Oncogenes are responsible for the synthesis of growth factors, and also control the course of the cell cycle. With an excess or violation of the functions of gene products, the processes of cell growth and division are disrupted, which leads to cell degeneration, their uncontrolled division, and, as a result, to the formation of a tumor. Based on the above, we can say that by studying the mechanisms of oncogenes at the molecular level, the functions of their products, and their influence on the vital processes of cells and the whole organism, it is possible to develop ways to treat cancer by inhibiting or correcting the work of a particular oncogene or its product. The process of oncogene activation is multifaceted and can be caused by the persistence of oncogenic viruses, the integration of retroviruses into the cell genome, the presence of point mutations or deletions in genomic DNA, chromosome translocation, or protein‑protein interaction. That is why the total number of oncogenes and possible ways of their activation at different stages of tumor progression are not fully known. In this regard, we decided in this review to analyze the available information about the relatively new and poorly studied oncogenes INHA, DLL4, and MMP2, which control important functions, including metastasis and tumor growth. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Большую роль в развитии злокачественных образований играет генетическая предрасположенность. К факторам риска возникновения онкологических заболеваний относится наличие мутаций в онкогенах – генах, вызывающих развитие опухолей. Впервые они были обнаружены в геноме вирусов, а у человека были найдены их аналоги, названные протоонкогенами. Изучение работы онкогенов – перспективное направление в современной онкологии. Открытие и исследование онкогенов всех классов необходимо не только для понимания механизмов развития новообразований, но и для разработки новых методов диагностики и лечения рака. Онкогены отвечают за синтез факторов роста, а также контролируют протекание клеточно‑ го цикла. При избытке или нарушении функций продуктов генов нарушаются процессы роста и деления клеток, что приводит к перерождению клеток, их неконтролируемому делению и в итоге к образованию опухоли. Можно предположить, что, изучив механизмы работы онкогенов на молекулярном уровне, функции их продуктов и их влияние на процессы жизнедеятельности клеток и целого организма, можно разработать способы лечения онкологических заболеваний путем ингибирования или коррекции работы конкретного онкогена или его продукта. Процесс активации онкогена многогранен и может быть вызван персистенцией онкогенных вирусов, интеграцией ретровирусов в геном клетки, наличием точечных мутаций или делеций в геномной ДНК, транслокацией хромосом или белок‑белковым взаимодействием. Имен‑ но поэтому полностью не известны общее число онкогенов и возможные пути их активации на разных стадиях прогрессии опухоли. В связи с этим мы решили в данном обзоре проанализировать имеющуюся информацию об относительно недавно открытых и малоизученных онкогенах INHA, DLL4 и MMP2, которые контролируют важные функции, в том числе метастазирование и рост опухоли. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oncogenes</kwd><kwd>INHA</kwd><kwd>DLL4</kwd><kwd>MMP2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>онкогены</kwd><kwd>INHA</kwd><kwd>MMP2</kwd><kwd>DLL4</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chen X., Yan Y., Zhou J. et al. Clinical prognostic value of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation, and 1p19q co-deletion in glioma patients. Ann Transl Med 2019;7(20):541. DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.126. PMID: 31807523.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Chen X., Zhang M., Gan H. et al. 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