Russian Journal of BiotherapyRussian Journal of BiotherapyРоссийский биотерапевтический журнал1726-97841726-9792Publishing House ABV Press115310.17650/1726-9784-2019-18-2-6-14REVIEWSОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫThe role of tumor stem cells in the development of drug resistance of melanomaРоль стволовых опухолевых клеток в развитии лекарственной резистентности меланомыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-5019ChulkovaS. V.ЧулковаС. В.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478; 1 Ostrovitianov St., Moscow 117997.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24;  117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1а.

chulkova@mail.ruMarkinaI. G.МаркинаИ. Г.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

ChernyshevaO. A.ЧернышеваО. А.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-8182GrishchenkoN. V.ГрищенкоН. В.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

AntipovaA. S.АнтиповаА. С.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9136TitovK. C.ТитовК. С.
Russian Federation

86 Shosse Entuziastov, Moscow 111123.

111123 Москва, ш. Энтузиастов, 86.

RyabchikovD. A.РябчиковД. А.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

EgorovaA. V.ЕгороваА. В.
Russian Federation

1 Ostrovitianov St., Moscow 117997.

117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1а.

NaskhletashviliD. R.НасхлеташвилиД. Р.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3966-128XTupitsynN. N.ТупицынН. Н.
Russian Federation

24 Kashyrskoe Sh., Moscow 115478.

115478 Москва, Каширское ш., 24.

N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Hearth of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава РоссииN.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России.N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Hearth of Russia.ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России.A. S. Loginоv Moscow Clinical Scientific Center.ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-практический центр им. А. С. Логинова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы».N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава Россиид150620191826141406201914062019https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1153

Despite the fact that melanoma is a tumor of visual localization, mortality from skin melanoma remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Early metastasis of melanoma, even during the initial stages of the tumor process, indicates a high malignant potential of the tumor. Moreover, metastatic melanoma is resistant to current chemotherapy regimens, which is a significant problem today. Progression, resistance to drug therapy of skin melanoma is associated with a population of tumor stem cells, which are characterized by dysregulation of signaling pathways and aberrant phenotypes. The formation of tumor stem cells contributes to their microenvironment. Surface markers expressed by tumor stem cells include transporter proteins that mediate chemoresistance. The study of the microenvironment, the activity of the expressed antigenic determinants makes it possible to understand the processes of chemoresistance formation and to discover (develop) strategies for its overcoming. The article provides an analysis of the literature data on the significance of tumor stem cells in the development of drug resistance of melanoma.

Несмотря на то, что меланома кожи относится к опухолям наружных локализаций, она является лидером по онкологической смертности во многих странах мира. Раннее метастазирование меланомы даже при начальных стадиях опухолевого процесса свидетельствует о высоком злокачественном потенциале опухоли. Более того, метастатическая меланома нередко устойчива к режимам лекарственной терапии, что является существенной проблемой на сегодняшний день. Агрессивность течения меланомы, ее устойчивость к противоопухолевым препаратам связывают с наличием популяции опухолевых стволовых клеток, для которых характерны нарушения регуляции сигнальных путей и аберрантные фенотипы. Формированию опухолевых стволовых клеток способствует их микроокружение. Поверхностные маркеры, экспрессируемые опухолевыми стволовыми клетками, включают в себя белки-транспортеры – медиаторы лекарственной резистентности. Изучение микроокружения, активности экспрессируемых антигенных детерминат позволяет понять процессы формирования резистентности и разработать стратегии ее преодоления. В статье приводится анализ современных данных литературы о значимости опухолевых стволовых клеток в развитии лекарственной резистентности меланомы.

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