Russian Journal of BiotherapyRussian Journal of BiotherapyРоссийский биотерапевтический журнал1726-97841726-9792Publishing House ABV Press110910.17650/1726-9784-2018-17-1-23-27REVIEWSОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫMolecular-biological characteristics of triple negative breast cancerМолекулярно-биологические характеристики трижды негативного рака молочной железыAtakhanovaN. E.АтахановаН. Э.
Uzbekistan

2 Pharobi St., Tashkent 100169

00109 Ташкент, ул. Фароби, 2

AlmuradovaD. M.АлмурадоваД. М.
Uzbekistan

2 Pharobi St., Tashkent 100169

00109 Ташкент, ул. Фароби, 2

DudinaI A.ДудинаИ. А.
Russian Federation

Bldg. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

Ирина Александровна Дудина

miss.rowe@yandex.ruTashkent Medical AcademyТашкентская медицинская академияSechenov UniversityФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)27022018171232726112018261120182018https://bioterapevt.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1109

Breast cancer is the most common disease in women all over the world. In the structure of cancer morbidity, breast cancer ranks first and its frequency is steadily increasing. In the world, about 1.67 million new cases are diagnosed and every year more than 500,000 women die from breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is about 15–20 % of all breast tumors; is more common in women of fertile age. TNBC is characterized by a lack of expression of estrogen, progesterone receptors and HER-2/neu, which significantly complicates the treatment of this disease, which is characterized by aggressive course, the maximum risk of recurrence during the first 3 yearsafter surgical treatment, and rapid metastasis and decreased life expectancy. This article presents a review of the literature on the molecular-biological characteristics of TNBC. The article also describes the main approaches to targeted therapies for each subtype.

В структуре онкологической заболеваемости рак молочной железы (РМЖ) занимает 1-е место, и частота его неуклонно растет. Ежегодно в мире диагностируется около 1,67 млн первично выявленных случаев РМЖ и более 500 000 женщин умирает от этого заболевания. Трижды негативный РМЖ (ТНРМЖ) составляет около 15–20 % всех случаев РМЖ и встречается чаще у женщин фертильного возраста. ТНРМЖ характеризуется отсутствием экспрессии рецепторов эстрогенов, прогестерона и HER-2/neu, что существенно затрудняет лечение. Для ТНРМЖ типичны агрессивное течение, высокий риск рецидива в течение первых 3 лет после лечения, а также быстрое метастазирование и снижение продолжительности жизни. В данной статье представлен обзор литературы о молекулярно-биологических характеристиках ТНРМЖ, а также рассмотрены основные подходы к таргетной терапии каждого подтипа.

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