The overexpression of IGF-1 is a poor prognostic factor in multiple myeloma

Introduction . Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) are one of the widely studied factors in oncology. For tumors with a high expression level of IGF typical postoperative relapse, they are invasive and give distant metastases. There are also data on the participation of IGF in the emergence of resistance to anticancer drugs. The mechanisms that determine the influence of insulin-like growth factors on the progression of a number of malignant neoplasms remain undisclosed and carrying out fundamental research in this direction is relevant. Objective: to study the role of IGF type 1 (IGF-1) in multiple myeloma (MM).
Materials and methods . 26 samples of bone marrow aspirates received from 26 patients – 14 men and 12 women – were studied in the work. All patients were diagnosed with stage III ММ. The age of patients ranged from 52 to 72 years. From the obtained bone marrow aspirates, using centrifugation in the Ficoll gradient, a mononuclear fraction of bone marrow cells containing plasma cells was obtained. Then we carried out the procedure of extracting RNA and using polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription, we studied the expression of mRNA of the genes of IGF-1 and MDR1/ABCB1.
Results . The paper analyzes the overall survival (OS) of patients with MM depending on the expression of the gene IGF-1. It is shown that for patients with MM who have a high level of IGF-1 expression, a decrease in OS is characteristic and, conversely, with a weak expression of IGF-1 or in the absence of its expression, an increase in OS is observed. Studies of expression of IGF-1 gene and MDR1/ABCB1 gene responsible for the occurrence of multiple drug resistance showed that these genes are co-expressed in patients with MM. Conclusion . The obtained results indicate that the high level of IGF-1 gene expression may be a poor prognostic factor in ММ. IGF-1 may participate in regulation of the mechanisms of emergence of multiple drug resistance in patients with MM.